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}
الأسباب والتعامل مع مرض السكر عند الأطفال | تربية دوت كوم عندما نسمع أن طفلاً أصيب بمرض السكر تعترينا الدهشة لإصابة الطفل في هذه السن المبكرة بهذا المرض الذي يحرم الانسان من مباهج كثيرة في الحياة.
ولكن الأبحاث أثبتت أن نسبة الاصابة به قد ارتفعت عالمياً فوصلت إلى 1.3 في الألف. مرض السكر يحدث عند الأطفال بسبب خلل في الخلايا المتخصصة في افرازه من البنكرياس. وذلك لعدة أسباب أولها عامل الوراثة وهو عامل مهم قد يثير قلق وخوف الأهل خاصة إذا كان أحد الأبوين أو الجدود مصاباً بالسكر.. وفي هذه الناحية أثبتت الأبحاث أن الوراثة لا تكمن في الاصابة بالمرض فحسب. بل يورث أيضاً قابلية البنكرياس لتعطله عن افراز الأنسولين..
أسباب مرض السكر عند الأطفال وأثبتت الدراسات الهامة في الوراثة لمرض السكر أنه في الحالات التي تمت دراستها في حالة التوأم اتضح أنه إذا كان أحدهما مصاباً بالسكر.. فالتوأم الثاني يكون سليما مما يدل على أن الوراثة ليست هي السبب الوحيد للإصابة بالسكر بل هناك أسباب أخرى.
ومن أسباب مرض السكر أن الجسم قد يبدأ في تكوين مناعة ضد خلاياه. فتحدث أمراض كثيرة داخل جسم الطفل منها مرض السكر… كما أنه من الممكن أن يصاب الطفل بأمراض فيروسية تسبب له الاصابة بمرض السكر مثل الحصبة الألمانية والغدة النكفية وفيروس الكوسكي.
نصائح وإرشادات التعامل مع السكر عند الأطفال ولكن هل هناك علاقة بين مرض السكر والوجبات الغذائية؟
يقول أستاذ طب الأطفال بجامعة عين شمس ان الأكل ليس له علاقة وثيقة بالمرض عند الأطفال عكس الاصابة به عند الكبار… كما وجد بعض الباحثين أن النسبة متساوية في الجنسين بينما وجد البعض أن النسبة ترتفع قليلاً في البنات.
وقد يحدث المرض بين الأطفال في أي سن ولو أنه نادراً جداً في الأطفال حديثي الولادة. وإذا حدث في السنة الأولى يكون مؤقتاً ويختفي بسرعة. ولكن هناك فترتين من العمر ترتفع فيهما نسبة الاصابة: الأولى من دخول المدارس من ٥ – ٦ سنوات.. وهو يأتي نظراً للتوتر النفسي والعصبي المصاحب لدخول الطفل المدرسة.. وسن البلوغ وما يصاحبها من تغيير فسيولوجي ونفسي للطفل.. ونظراً لارتفاع نسبة الهرمونات الأخرى المضادة للأنسولين..
وهل هناك فترات أو فصول من السنة تزيد فيها نسبة السكر؟
الغريب أنه فعلاً هناك فترة من السنة تزداد فيهة نسبة الإصابة بهذا المرض عند الأطفال وهي فصل الشتاء. وذلك لتعرض جسم الطفل للإصابة بالفيروسات.
وأعراض هذا المرض… هل تستطيع الأم أن تتعرف عليها؟
للأسف الأم لا تتعرف على هذا المرض إلا صدفة. أو حينما تشكو من أن الطفل في مثل هذه السن يتبول لا إرادياً في الليل. بالرغم من أن هناك أعراضاً أخرى مثل شرب الماء بكثرة – وفقدان الوزن – وعدم التركيز في الدراسة – وسهولة التوتر العصبي – وكثرة تناول الحلويات.
وماذا تنصح أهل الطفل المصاب بالسكر؟
هناك عدة نصائح أود أن أقدمها لأهل الطفل المصاب بالسكر لأن مرضه نفسي بالدرجة الأولى. فيجب أن يعرف الأهل أن مرض السكر ليس بالمرض الخطير. فهو عبارة عن نقص في كمية الأنسولين ويمكن تعويضه بالحقن اليومية. ويجب أن يشجع الأهل الطفل على ألا يتعدى الأكل المخصص له. ويجب أن يتابع الأهل الحالة العلاجية للطفل وإجراء التحليلات اللازمة كل فترة. والاتصال بالطبيب في حالة حدوث أي مضاعفات أو غيبوبة.
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